Agriculture, as in India, is the most dominant economic activity in Bihar. From time immemorial the rural folk have remained engaged in farming of crops and tending domestic animals. Owing to the prolonged involvement of people in agricultural activity, Bihar even today is basically an agrarian society. More than 75% people who live in villages subsist on farm produce. Every aspect of rural life and culture witness agrarian traits. The folk lores describe with rythm the farm activities in the monsoon seasons.

In determining agricultural and animal husbandry regions of Bihar factors like rainfall, temperature, altitude, natural vegetation, soil, crops and livestock are taken into consideration. When all these factors are taken into account, what strikes one is their uniformity over wide areas of territory embracing many districts. It should, however, be noted that transition from one region to another is gradual, and it is only in the souhtern areas that the differences emerge in full contrast.